Airborne Transmission Of Coronavirus Possible In Closed Rooms

Coronavirus can be transiently airborne but preventive measures can keep one safe, says a study by CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, and CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTech), Chandigarh.

The two institutes on Tuesday released data on the air-borne nature of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Scientists have worked with three hospitals each in Hyderabad and Chandigarh to find if the virus particles can be found in air samples in the hospital wards. They used an air sampler that can collect the virus particles, and then looked for their presence using RT-PCR.

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"In this study, the virus was found in air samples from Covid-19 wards from hospitals but not from non-COVID-19 wards. This suggests that the demarcation of hospital zones has been an effective strategy. The study also showed the chances of picking up SARS-CoV-2 in the air is directly related to the number of Covid-19 positive cases in the room, their symptomatic status, and the duration of exposure."

"When Covid-19 individuals spent long hours in a room, the virus is found in the air for more than 2 hours even farther than 2 meters from their seating places. But for asymptomatic cases, they showed the virus does not spread farther from them when they are seated in a room without perceived airflow due to a fan or AC," it said.

"Till the vaccines are available, a social vaccine that is wearing a mask is the best prevention," said Dr. Sanjeev Khosla, Director, IMTech.

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"All these findings do show that the coronavirus can stay in the air for some time. But they also strengthen the importance of Covid-19 preventive guidelines that we already have in place to curb this pandemic. If we ensure that we follow hygiene protocols such as regular hand washing, using masks effectively, and preventing symptomatic people from public mixing, we can start getting back to normalcy more comfortably. Detecting and isolating the positive cases early on can help prevent the spread among other family members in a home setting too," said Dr. Rakesh Mishra, Director, CCMB, and also the corresponding author on this study.

The study is now available on preprint server MedRxiv and is yet to be peer-reviewed.